Christian Lous Lange

Christian Lous Lange (1869–1938) was a Norwegian historian, teacher, and peace activist who shared the 1921 Nobel Peace Prize for advancing internationalism and the League of Nations.

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Fridtjof Nansen: A Norwegian polar explorer, scientist, diplomat, and humanitarian who received the 1922 Nobel Peace Prize. Nansen succeeded Lange as Norway’s leading Nobel-recognized advocate of international cooperation.
Inter-Parliamentary Union: An international organization founded in 1889 to encourage cooperation among national parliaments. Lange served as its secretary-general and helped develop its international work.
University of Oslo: Norway’s oldest university, founded in 1811 in Christiania, now Oslo. Lange studied history there before beginning his teaching and public career.
Collective security: A system in which states cooperate to deter or respond to aggression against any member. Lange supported the League as an institutional expression of shared responsibility for peace.
Bertha von Suttner: An Austrian peace activist and writer whose novel Lay Down Your Arms! became an influential antiwar work. Her campaigning helped build the peace movement that Lange later served through international institutions.
League of Nations: An international organization founded after World War I to promote peace and collective security. Lange’s advocacy for the League formed a central part of the work recognized by his Nobel Prize.
Norwegian peace movement: A network of Norwegian organizations and activists working to prevent war and support peaceful international relations. Lange’s internationalist commitments grew within Norway’s organized peace movement.
Internationalism: Political ideas and movements that promote cooperation and solidarity across national borders. Lange’s career embodied internationalism through parliamentary and intergovernmental institutions.
Alfred Nobel: A Swedish chemist, engineer, and inventor whose will established the Nobel Prizes. Nobel’s peace-prize provision ultimately recognized Lange’s internationalist work.
Norwegian Nobel Committee: The five-member body that awards the Nobel Peace Prize under Alfred Nobel’s will. The committee awarded Lange the 1921 prize jointly with Hjalmar Branting.