Knowra Christianity Christianity A monotheistic religion centered on Jesus Christ, whom Christians regard as the Son of God and Messiah. Its teachings draw on the Bible and the belief that Jesus rose from the dead.
Jesus : A first-century Jewish teacher whom Christians regard as the Son of God and Messiah. His life, death, and resurrection are Christianity’s central story.
Second Temple Judaism : The diverse forms of Jewish religion and culture practiced from the rebuilding of the Temple around 516 BCE to its destruction in 70 CE. Christianity began among Jews whose scriptures, worship, and hopes shaped its earliest ideas.
Catholic Church : The largest Christian church, led by the bishop of Rome, the pope, and organized around a worldwide communion of churches. Its papal authority and sacramental tradition distinguish it from many other Christian communions.
Christian liturgy : The structured forms of public worship used by Christian communities. Liturgies give recurring shape to prayer, scripture reading, and sacramental practice.
Christianization of Europe : The gradual adoption and establishment of Christianity across European societies from late antiquity through the Middle Ages. It changed European political institutions, education, law, and cultural life.
Bible : A collection of sacred writings comprising the Old Testament and New Testament in Christian traditions. Christian communities interpret these writings as foundational sources of faith and practice.
Paul the Apostle : An early Christian missionary and letter writer who helped establish communities across the eastern Roman Empire. His letters shaped Christian theology and helped spread the movement beyond Jewish communities.
Eastern Orthodox Church : A communion of self-governing churches sharing Orthodox theology, liturgy, and episcopal tradition. Its historical separation from Rome shaped a major alternative center of Christian authority.
Christian monasticism : A Christian way of life organized around religious vows, communal discipline, or solitary devotion. Monastic communities make prayer and spiritual discipline central forms of Christian life.
Crusades : A series of medieval military campaigns promoted by Latin Christian authorities, chiefly in the eastern Mediterranean. They show how religious commitments became entangled with warfare and political power.
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