Chromaticity

Chromaticity is the quality of a color determined by its hue and saturation, independent of its brightness. It can be represented by chromaticity coordinates that separate color from luminance.

Hue: Hue is the perceptual attribute by which colors are identified as red, green, blue, yellow, or intermediate. Chromaticity includes hue as one of its two defining qualities.
CIE 1931 color space: A standardized color-matching system based on three hypothetical primaries and the CIE XYZ tristimulus values. Its XYZ values provide the basis for the familiar xy chromaticity coordinates.
Gamut: A gamut is the range of colors a device or color space can represent or reproduce. A device gamut appears as a bounded region on a chromaticity diagram.
Brightness: Brightness is the perceived intensity of light emitted or reflected by a surface. Unlike chromaticity, brightness concerns how light or dark a color appears.
Saturation: Saturation describes a color's intensity or purity relative to a neutral gray of the same brightness. It supplies chromaticity's second defining quality alongside hue.
CIE xyY color space: A color representation using x and y chromaticity coordinates together with Y luminance. It explicitly separates chromaticity from luminance in a single representation.
Colorimetry: Colorimetry is the quantitative science of measuring and specifying color. Chromaticity is one of the quantities colorimetry uses to specify colors.
Colorfulness: Colorfulness is the perceived degree to which a color appears chromatic rather than achromatic. It is a perceptual appearance attribute, not simply brightness-independent chromaticity.
Luminance: Luminance is the photometric measure of light intensity weighted for human visual sensitivity. Chromaticity excludes brightness information that luminance measures.
Chromaticity diagram: A two-dimensional plot of chromaticity coordinates showing color relationships independently of luminance. The diagram makes chromaticity coordinates and gamut boundaries visible.

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