Chromium(III) oxide

Chromium(III) oxide (Cr₂O₃) is a dark green, water-insoluble inorganic solid used as a pigment, abrasive, and refractory material.

Chromium oxide green: A green pigment whose principal colorant is chromium(III) oxide. This pigment is the compound’s best-known use in paints, ceramics, and other materials.
Corundum structure: A crystal structure adopted by several oxides, including aluminum oxide and chromium(III) oxide. Chromium(III) oxide’s closely packed corundum-type lattice helps explain its hardness and stability.
Chromium: A hard, lustrous transition metal with atomic number 24. Chromium(III) oxide is one of the most familiar oxides of this element.
Chromium(VI) oxide: A strongly oxidizing chromium oxide with formula CrO₃ and chromium in the +6 oxidation state. Unlike Cr₂O₃, CrO₃ is a red-orange, water-reactive oxidant rather than a stable green solid.
Refractory: A material that retains useful strength and chemical stability at high temperatures. Chromium(III) oxide’s thermal stability makes it useful in refractory products.
Chromium(III): The +3 oxidation state of chromium, common in stable compounds and aqueous chemistry. Chromium atoms in Cr₂O₃ have this oxidation state, balanced by oxide ions.
Oxide: A chemical compound in which oxygen is bonded to one or more other elements. Cr₂O₃ belongs to this broad class of oxygen-containing compounds.
Chromium dioxide: A black chromium oxide with formula CrO₂, known for its ferromagnetic properties. Its Cr(IV) state and magnetic behavior sharply distinguish it from Cr₂O₃.
Polishing compound: An abrasive material used to smooth or finish a surface. Fine chromium(III) oxide particles polish metals and other hard surfaces.
Transition-metal compounds: Compounds containing elements with partially filled d orbitals in atoms or ions. Chromium(III) oxide’s color and magnetic behavior arise from transition-metal ion properties.

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