Cimbri

The Cimbri were an ancient people who migrated from northern Europe and fought Rome in the late second century BCE, suffering decisive defeats in 101 BCE.

Battle of Noreia: A 113 BCE battle in which the Cimbri defeated a Roman army in the eastern Alps. This victory announced the Cimbri as a serious military threat to Rome.
Cimbrian migration: The movement of the Cimbri and associated peoples through central and western Europe in the second century BCE. Their movement brought them repeatedly into conflict with Roman forces and allies.
Jutland: A peninsula in northern Europe comprising mainland Denmark and part of northern Germany. Ancient writers associated the Cimbri’s homeland with this northern peninsula.
Roman military reforms: Changes to Roman recruitment, organization, and service that developed during the late Republic. Later tradition linked Marius’s military changes to Rome’s need to meet threats such as the Cimbri.
Battle of Arausio: A 105 BCE battle in which the Cimbri and Teutones devastated two Roman armies in southern Gaul. Its scale of Roman losses intensified the crisis caused by the Cimbrian migration.
Roman army: The military forces maintained by the Roman state, organized around legions and supporting troops. Roman recruitment, command, and battlefield organization determined the response to Cimbrian incursions.
Strabo: A Greek geographer and historian whose work preserves accounts of ancient peoples and places. His geography records claims about the Cimbri’s origin and later fate.
Roman Republic: The period of ancient Roman government before the establishment of the Empire in 27 BCE. The Cimbrian War exposed political and military pressures within the Republic.
Battle of Aquae Sextiae: A 102 BCE Roman victory over the Teutones in southern Gaul, led by Gaius Marius. It removed the Cimbri’s principal allies before their final confrontation with Rome.
Quintus Lutatius Catulus: A Roman consul and general who commanded against the Cimbri in northern Italy alongside Marius. His army joined Marius’s forces at the decisive battle of Vercellae.

Linked from 5 pages