Citrus greening disease

Citrus greening disease is a bacterial disease of citrus trees that causes blotchy leaves, misshapen bitter fruit, and progressive decline. It is associated with the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter.

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus: A phloem-limited bacterium associated with citrus greening disease, especially in Asia and the Americas. This species is the principal pathogen associated with the disease in major citrus-growing regions.
Citrus disease management: The prevention and control of diseases that damage citrus trees and fruit. Greening control depends on combining orchard practices rather than curing infected trees.
Huanglongbing: The Chinese name for citrus greening disease, meaning “yellow dragon disease.” The name reflects the disease’s early recognition in China and is widely used internationally.
Citrus fruit drop: The premature detachment of developing or mature fruit from a citrus tree. Infected trees may drop fruit before harvest, compounding production losses.
Candidatus Liberibacter: A provisional genus of bacteria associated with plant diseases and restricted to plant or insect hosts. The genus includes several related bacteria linked to greening, with biology that remains difficult to investigate.
Asian citrus psyllid: A sap-feeding insect that transmits Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus between citrus trees. It spreads the pathogen while feeding on infected and healthy trees.
Citrus nursery stock certification: A system for verifying that nursery plants meet standards for identity and freedom from specified pathogens. Certified planting material reduces the chance of introducing the pathogen into new orchards.
Citrus production in China: The cultivation of citrus fruits across China, one of the world’s major citrus-producing countries. China is among the regions where citrus greening was historically recognized.
Citrus juice industry: The businesses and processes involved in producing and selling juice from citrus fruits. Lower yields and poor fruit quality threaten a major outlet for citrus crops.
Citrus greening resistance: The capacity of a citrus plant to limit infection or disease damage caused by citrus greening pathogens. Durable resistance could reduce dependence on vector control and removal of infected trees.

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