Knowra Climate risk Climate risk Climate risk is the potential for harmful consequences when climate hazards interact with exposed people, ecosystems, or assets and their vulnerability.
Climate hazard : A climate-related event or trend that can cause harm, such as a heatwave, flood, drought, or sea-level rise. Hazards supply the physical threat whose consequences climate risk describes.
Climate change attribution : The study of how human influence and natural variability contributed to observed climate changes or specific extreme events. Attribution distinguishes climate-driven changes in hazard from other causes.
Climate risk management : The process of identifying, evaluating, and addressing risks associated with climate variability and climate change. Management turns risk assessments into choices about prevention, adaptation, and response.
Loss and damage : Harm from climate change that occurs despite mitigation and adaptation, including economic and non-economic losses. The concept captures consequences that risk reduction has not prevented or cannot repair.
Physical climate risk : The risk of harm from climate-related hazards and their effects on people, ecosystems, infrastructure, and economic activity. This is the direct hazard-driven component of climate risk.
Exposure (climate change) : The presence of people, ecosystems, infrastructure, or assets in places and settings that could be affected by climate hazards. Exposure determines what can be harmed when a hazard occurs.
Impact chain : A structured account of causal links connecting climate drivers and hazards to impacts and consequences. Impact chains make the pathway from a hazard to a harmful outcome explicit.
Climate change adaptation planning : The process of setting priorities and measures to adjust systems to observed or expected climate effects. Plans use risk information to target places and groups facing high potential harm.
Climate justice : An approach to climate change that examines the fair distribution of its burdens, benefits, and decision-making power. Climate risk is unevenly produced and borne, raising questions of responsibility and fairness.
Transition risk : Financial or economic risk arising from the shift toward a lower-carbon economy, including policy, technology, and market changes. It contrasts with physical risk by arising from climate action and economic transition.
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