Cloud computing

Cloud computing delivers computing resources over a network on demand, typically from remote data centers. Customers can provision and release resources without owning the underlying infrastructure.

Virtualization: A technique that creates software-based versions of computing resources, such as servers, storage, or networks. It lets providers divide physical machines into independently managed cloud resources.
Infrastructure as a service: A cloud service model that provides virtualized computing, storage, and networking resources. It exposes the underlying infrastructure while leaving operating systems and applications to customers.
Serverless computing: A cloud execution model in which providers manage servers and allocate resources as code runs. It lets application teams use cloud capacity without managing server instances.
On-premises software: Software installed and operated on an organization’s own computing infrastructure. It contrasts provider-hosted applications with software run on locally managed systems.
Time-sharing: A computing method that lets multiple users share a computer by allocating brief periods of processor time. It established the idea of delivering shared computing capacity to many users.
Hypervisor: Software that creates and manages virtual machines on a physical computer. It allocates a host machine’s processors, memory, and devices among virtual servers.
Platform as a service: A cloud service model that provides a managed environment for developing and running applications. It adds managed runtime and development tools beyond raw infrastructure.
Function as a service: A cloud model that runs individual functions in response to events or requests. It applies serverless execution to short-lived, event-driven code.
Edge computing: A computing approach that processes data near its source rather than relying solely on distant data centers. It moves computation closer to devices when latency or network limits matter.
Utility computing: A model in which computing resources are supplied and billed like a metered utility. It anticipated cloud services that charge for resources as they are consumed.

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