Knowra Coal gasification Coal gasification Coal gasification converts coal into a combustible gas mixture, chiefly carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by reacting it with oxygen, steam, or both at high temperatures.
Gasifier : A reactor that converts solid or liquid feedstocks into gas through controlled chemical reactions. Coal gasification takes place inside a gasifier, whose design shapes heat transfer and product composition.
Coal : A combustible sedimentary rock formed from ancient plant matter and composed mainly of carbon-rich material. Its carbon content, rank, moisture, and mineral matter influence gasification behavior.
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle : A power-generation system that gasifies fuel, cleans the gas, and uses gas and steam turbines to generate electricity. It uses coal-derived syngas for electricity while separating gas cleanup from combustion.
Coal combustion : The rapid oxidation of coal in excess oxygen, producing heat, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and ash. Combustion releases energy directly, whereas gasification first converts coal into a fuel gas.
Carbon dioxide emissions : The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere from natural or human activities. Coal-derived syngas releases carbon dioxide when burned or converted, and gasification also creates separable process streams.
Water-gas reaction : The reaction of carbon with steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This reaction supplies hydrogen-rich synthesis gas from coal-derived carbon.
Syngas : A fuel gas mixture composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. It is the principal useful product of coal gasification.
Coal-to-liquids : The production of liquid fuels from coal through gasification and subsequent chemical synthesis. Gasification provides syngas that can be converted into transport fuels.
Coal liquefaction : The conversion of coal into liquid hydrocarbons through direct chemical treatment or indirect synthesis. Liquefaction targets liquid fuels, while gasification produces a gaseous intermediate.
Mercury emissions : The release of mercury compounds into air, water, or soil from natural and industrial sources. Coal impurities can enter raw gas or residues and require management during gas cleanup.
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