Coal mining in China

Coal mining in China extracts coal from underground and surface deposits for electricity, industrial heat, and materials production. It is the world’s largest national coal-mining industry.

Longwall mining: An underground mining method that removes a long coal face while powered supports hold back the roof. It is a major method for extracting thick, continuous seams in Chinese underground mines.
Industrialization in China: The transformation of China into a major industrial economy through rapid expansion of manufacturing and infrastructure. Industrial growth drove sustained demand for domestic coal.
Coal-fired power in China: Electricity generation in China using coal-fired power plants. Power generation is the largest destination for mined coal.
Air pollution in China: Contamination of China’s atmosphere by harmful gases, particles, and other pollutants. Coal extraction and use contribute to particulate and sulfur pollution across mining and consuming regions.
Renewable energy in China: Energy generated in China from renewable sources such as wind, solar, hydropower, and biomass. Renewables are expanding rapidly but have not displaced coal’s central role in the energy system.
Opencast mining: Surface mining that removes overburden to expose and extract near-surface mineral deposits. It contrasts with underground extraction and is used at large Chinese coalfields such as Shenhua’s.
Great Leap Forward: A Chinese campaign from 1958 to 1962 that sought rapid industrial and agricultural transformation. Its steel and production targets intensified coal demand and disrupted mining administration.
Steelmaking in China: The production of steel in China, including ironmaking with coke and other reduction processes. Coking coal mined in China supplies blast furnaces and steelworks.
Greenhouse gas emissions in China: Emissions of heat-trapping gases from human activities in China. Coal combustion dominates China’s carbon dioxide emissions, while mines also release methane.
China’s coal imports: Coal brought into China from foreign suppliers for power generation and industrial use. Imports supplement domestic mining and expose China to international prices and supply disruptions.

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