Knowra COBOL COBOL COBOL is a high-level programming language designed for business data processing. Its English-like syntax and record-oriented features support applications such as payroll, banking, and transaction processing.
COBOL program structure : The standard organization of a COBOL program into identification, environment, data, and procedure divisions. These divisions separate program metadata, resources, record layouts, and executable operations.
IBM Customer Information Control System : IBM’s transaction-processing system for online applications, widely used with COBOL programs on mainframes. CICS commonly runs COBOL transactions for interactive business services.
CODASYL : The Conference on Data Systems Languages, an organization that developed standards for programming and database languages. CODASYL organized the committee that produced COBOL’s initial specifications.
FORTRAN : A programming language created for scientific and numerical computing, first released in 1957. FORTRAN targeted scientific calculations while COBOL targeted business data processing.
COBOL data division : The section of a COBOL program that declares files, records, variables, and their layouts. It defines the business records and fields that COBOL procedures process.
IBM IMS : IBM’s database and transaction-processing system, originally developed for large data-processing workloads. COBOL applications use IMS databases and transaction facilities in some mainframe systems.
Grace Hopper : An American computer scientist and naval officer who promoted English-like programming languages and helped shape COBOL’s development. Her earlier work on business-oriented compilers influenced COBOL’s design goals.
RPG (programming language) : A business programming language developed by IBM for report generation and data processing. RPG offered another specialized route to business applications, especially on IBM systems.
COBOL picture clause : A COBOL data declaration clause that specifies a field’s type, size, and editing format. Picture clauses make numeric and text record fields explicit.
mainframe computer : A large, highly reliable computer system designed to handle substantial workloads and many simultaneous users. Mainframes host many long-running COBOL business applications.
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