Coin

A coin is a small piece of currency, usually metal, issued by an authority with a stated denomination. Its value may come from its material, its legal status, or both.

Denomination: The stated unit of value assigned to a coin or other monetary instrument. It identifies the coin’s face value within a currency system.
Coining (minting): The process of striking metal blanks between dies to produce coins. It is the principal modern method for forming circulating metal coins.
Electrum: A naturally occurring or manufactured alloy of gold and silver. Some of the earliest coins were struck from this alloy.
Cash: Physical money held as banknotes or coins and used for transactions. Coins form the small-denomination portion of cash in many currencies.
Banknote: A paper or polymer document issued as currency by a monetary authority or bank. It carries currency value in a flexible sheet rather than a durable metal piece.
Legal tender: Money that laws recognize as acceptable for settling specified debts. Its status can make a coin acceptable for debts beyond its metal value.
Coin die: A hardened tool bearing a coin’s design, used to stamp that design onto a blank. Opposing dies impress the coin’s faces under high pressure.
Lydia: An ancient kingdom in western Anatolia, associated with some of the earliest stamped coins. Lydian coinage marks an early shift from weighed metal to standardized pieces.
Vending machine: A machine that dispenses goods or services after accepting payment. Coin mechanisms can identify and accept physical currency automatically.
Token coin: A coin-shaped object accepted for a limited purpose but not issued as ordinary currency. It resembles a coin while lacking general monetary status.

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