Collective leadership

Collective leadership is a governance model in which authority and responsibility are shared among a group rather than concentrated in one individual.

Consensus decision-making: A decision process that seeks agreement broad enough for participants to support or accept a proposal. It is one way a leadership group can make decisions without assigning final authority to one person.
Shared governance: A governance arrangement in which authority and decision-making are distributed among multiple stakeholders. It describes the broader governance principle that collective leadership puts into practice.
Cabinet government: A system in which executive authority is exercised by a cabinet of ministers, usually led by a prime minister. Cabinets exercise executive authority collectively while distributing portfolios among ministers.
Autocracy: A system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in one ruler. It is the direct political contrast to authority shared across a leadership group.
Majority rule: A decision rule under which the option supported by more than half of votes prevails. It offers a clear voting rule when a collective cannot reach consensus.
Distributed leadership: An approach that treats leadership activity as spread across people and situations rather than held by one formal leader. It explains how leadership work can be distributed beyond a single officeholder.
Board of directors: A group elected or appointed to oversee an organization's management and strategic direction. A board governs through group decisions rather than a single director's authority.
Top-down management: A management approach in which decisions flow from senior authorities to lower levels. It concentrates decision-making upward instead of distributing it among leaders.
Delegation: The assignment of authority or tasks from a person or body to another person or body. Collective leaders often delegate work while retaining shared responsibility for governance.
Organizational structure: The formal arrangement of roles, responsibilities, and relationships within an organization. Collective leadership depends on a structure that assigns authority across a group.

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