Color television

A television system that captures, transmits, and displays images with color information as well as brightness. Its signal lets compatible displays reproduce colors while remaining viewable in monochrome on older receivers.

Luma: A brightness-related signal derived from color components and used to represent image detail. Color broadcasts preserve a brightness signal that monochrome receivers can display.
John Logie Baird: A Scottish inventor who pioneered mechanical television and demonstrated an early color television system. His experiments included color television demonstrations before electronic broadcasting became standard.
Monochrome television: A television system that displays images using brightness variations without reproducing color. Early color systems had to preserve usable pictures on monochrome receivers.
Television camera: A camera that converts a scene into an electronic video signal for recording or transmission. Color cameras separate scene light into signals that can be encoded for broadcast.
Chrominance: The part of a video signal that carries color information, commonly represented by hue and saturation. It carries the color differences that luma alone cannot convey.
CBS field-sequential color system: An early color television system that transmitted successive red, green, and blue images using a rotating color wheel. It was a serious U.S. broadcast alternative before compatible electronic color prevailed.
NTSC: An analog color television standard developed in the United States and adopted in several countries. Its color phase could drift, unlike the correction strategy used by PAL.
Cathode-ray tube: A vacuum tube that forms images by directing electron beams onto a phosphor-coated screen. Color CRTs use separate electron beams to excite red, green, and blue phosphors.
YIQ color space: A color representation that separates luminance from two color-difference signals, used in NTSC television. NTSC encodes color as I and Q components alongside Y luminance.
NTSC color system: The analog color television system standardized in the United States in 1953. Its adoption established the first widely used compatible color-broadcast standard.

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