Knowra Colorimetry Colorimetry Colorimetry is the quantitative measurement and specification of color, usually by relating a light spectrum to standardized human color-matching functions and color coordinates.
CIE 1931 color space : A color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination using the CIE 1931 standard observer and tristimulus values. Its XYZ coordinates provide the standard route from a measured spectrum to numerical color.
Spectrophotometry : The measurement of how much light a sample absorbs, transmits, or reflects across a range of wavelengths. Its reflectance spectrum is a common input to colorimetric calculations.
Color vision : The visual system’s ability to distinguish differences in light wavelength through the responses of cone cells and later neural processing. Colorimetry models selected aspects of human color vision with standardized matching functions.
Color appearance model : A model that predicts perceived color appearance under specified viewing conditions, including effects of illumination and adaptation. Unlike basic colorimetric coordinates, appearance models account for viewing context and adaptation.
CIE standard observer : A standardized set of color-matching functions representing average human visual responses under specified viewing conditions. These functions weight each wavelength when a reflectance spectrum is converted into tristimulus values.
Color matching : The process of adjusting or selecting materials or lights so their colors appear alike under specified conditions. Colorimetric coordinates help specify matches for paints, textiles, and manufactured products.
Visible spectrum : The range of electromagnetic wavelengths detectable by human vision, roughly 380 to 780 nanometres. Color calculations integrate measured light across wavelengths within and around this range.
RGB color model : An additive color model that represents colors as combinations of red, green, and blue channel values. RGB values depend on device primaries and encoding, whereas colorimetry uses standardized measurement conditions.
Tristimulus values : Three numerical values that represent a color through weighted combinations of a light spectrum. They summarize the spectral measurement before it is expressed in a color space.
Metamerism : The phenomenon in which different spectral distributions produce the same perceived color under one viewing condition but not another. Matching coordinates under one illuminant does not guarantee a match under different lighting.
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