Columbian mammoth

The Columbian mammoth (Mammuthus columbi) was an extinct North American mammoth adapted to warm, open grasslands. It lived during the Pleistocene and ranged from southern Canada to Central America.

Mammoth: Mammoths were extinct proboscideans in the genus Mammuthus, with species adapted to diverse habitats. The Columbian mammoth was one species within this genus.
Mammoth molar: A large, ridged tooth adapted for grinding tough vegetation in mammoths. The Columbian mammoth's molars processed grasses and other plant foods.
Mammoth evolution: The evolutionary history of mammoths, from their African ancestors to their spread across Eurasia and the Americas. The Columbian mammoth emerged within this wider evolutionary history.
La Brea Tar Pits: A fossil site in Los Angeles where asphalt deposits trapped and preserved Pleistocene animals. Columbian mammoth remains there document the species in southern California.
Megafaunal extinction: The disappearance of large-bodied animals from ecosystems, often discussed in relation to climate and human impacts. The Columbian mammoth is a prominent North American case of megafaunal loss.
Mammuthus primigenius: The woolly mammoth was a cold-adapted mammoth that inhabited northern Eurasia and North America. Its tundra adaptations contrast with the Columbian mammoth's warmer, more open habitats.
Mammoth tusk: An elongated incisor that grew throughout a mammoth's life and could serve several functions. Columbian mammoth tusks may have helped clear vegetation and compete.
Mammoth migration to the Americas: The movement of mammoths from Eurasia into North America across Beringia during the Pleistocene. Mammoth migrations established the ancestors of North America's Columbian mammoths.
Waco Mammoth National Monument: A Texas fossil site preserving a herd of Columbian mammoths that died together. Its fossil assemblage offers direct evidence of herd life and mortality.
Overkill hypothesis: The hypothesis that human hunting drove many large animals extinct after people entered new regions. It proposes human hunting as a major cause of Columbian mammoth extinction.

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Woolly mammothRelated: Its ancestry records woolly mammoth movement into North America and later interbreeding.