Communist uprising in Brazil

A failed military revolt organized by Brazilian communists against Getúlio Vargas’s government in November 1935. Also known as the Communist uprising of 1935 or the Intentona Comunista.

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Natal uprising: A brief seizure of power in Natal by rebel soldiers and civilians in November 1935. It was the uprising’s most sustained early success and established a short-lived revolutionary government.
Getúlio Vargas: A Brazilian politician who governed as president from 1930 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1954. His government was the uprising’s target and used the revolt to justify stronger repression.
National Security Law of 1935: A Brazilian law enacted in April 1935 that criminalized actions deemed threats to national security and political order. The government used its provisions to repress opposition before and after the uprising.
Constitutionalist Revolution: A 1932 armed revolt in São Paulo demanding a constitutional government after Vargas took power. It was an earlier anti-Vargas revolt, but its leadership and aims differed sharply from the communist movement.
Recife uprising: A military revolt in Recife during the Communist uprising of November 1935. Its defeat showed how quickly government forces could isolate rebel garrisons.
National Liberation Alliance: A Brazilian anti-fascist political front founded in 1935, with communist influence and a broad opposition platform. Its suppression preceded the revolt and helped radicalize the opposition.
Estado Novo: The authoritarian regime Vargas established in Brazil in 1937, lasting until 1945. The uprising became a lasting justification for the dictatorship’s claims of communist threat.
Tenentismo: A movement of young Brazilian military officers who challenged the political order during the 1920s and early 1930s. It provides a broader military-rebellion context without making the 1935 revolt a continuation of the same movement.
Rio de Janeiro uprising: A failed revolt by military personnel in Rio de Janeiro on 27 November 1935. The capital’s mutiny was the final major outbreak and ended the revolt.
Integralism: A Brazilian authoritarian nationalist movement founded by Plínio Salgado in 1932. Its anti-communism and street mobilization sharpened the conflict surrounding the revolt.