Knowra Community-acquired pneumonia Community-acquired pneumonia Community-acquired pneumonia is an infection of the lung tissue acquired outside hospitals and other healthcare facilities. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms.
Alveoli : Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide pass between air and blood. Infection and inflammatory fluid in these air sacs impair oxygen exchange.
Pneumonia : An infection or inflammation of lung tissue, especially the air sacs and surrounding structures. Community-acquired pneumonia is defined by its setting within the broader condition.
CURB-65 : A clinical score using confusion, blood urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and age to assess pneumonia severity. It helps estimate mortality risk and inform decisions about treatment location.
Hospital-acquired pneumonia : Pneumonia that develops at least 48 hours after hospital admission and was not present at admission. It arises during hospitalization, unlike pneumonia acquired in the community.
Antibiotic resistance : The ability of bacteria to survive or grow despite exposure to antibiotics that would normally inhibit them. Resistance can make standard empiric treatments ineffective and complicate pathogen coverage.
Pulmonary consolidation : The replacement of air in lung tissue by fluid, cells, or other material, making it denser. Consolidation is a common tissue change in pneumonia and can appear on imaging.
Lower respiratory tract infection : An infection involving the airways or lungs below the upper respiratory tract. Pneumonia is a lower respiratory infection distinguished by involvement of lung tissue.
Pneumonia Severity Index : A clinical prediction rule that stratifies adults with community-acquired pneumonia by mortality risk. It supports decisions about outpatient care versus hospitalization.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia : Pneumonia that develops in a person receiving invasive mechanical ventilation, typically after at least 48 hours. Mechanical ventilation defines a distinct healthcare-associated setting and risk profile.
Pneumonia etiology : The identification of the organism or process responsible for a case of pneumonia. Many cases have no confirmed cause, complicating targeted treatment and surveillance.
Show all 28