Compulsory education

Compulsory education is a legal requirement that children receive education, usually through school attendance or an approved alternative. Laws set its age range, standards, and enforcement.

Compulsory school attendance: A legal duty requiring children to attend school for specified periods. It is the most common way jurisdictions implement compulsory education.
Prussian education system: A state-organized system of schooling developed in Prussia, including legally enforced attendance. Prussia became an influential early model for compulsory schooling.
Universal primary education: The goal of ensuring that every child completes primary schooling. Compulsory laws are one policy route toward universal primary education.
Universal access to education: The principle that everyone should have the opportunity to obtain education without discrimination. Access is a provision goal; compulsory education adds a legal duty to receive instruction.
School leaving age: The minimum age at which a student may legally leave compulsory schooling. It marks when the legal duty to receive education usually ends.
Massachusetts School Law of 1647: A Massachusetts colonial law requiring towns to provide schools and appoint teachers. It illustrates an early American effort to make basic instruction a public obligation.
Child labor: Work that deprives children of their childhood, education, or development, often through exploitative conditions. School-attendance requirements can restrict the time children are legally available for work.
Compulsory schooling: A legal requirement that children attend a school for a specified period. Some systems require education but permit approved alternatives to school attendance.
Homeschooling: Education conducted primarily at home by parents, tutors, or online programs rather than at a school. Many compulsory-education laws allow it as an alternative to school attendance.
Elementary Education Act 1870: A British law that established locally elected school boards to expand elementary education provision. It built the institutional groundwork for later compulsory attendance in England and Wales.

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