Knowra Concentric zone model Concentric zone model An urban growth model that depicts a city as expanding outward from its center in concentric rings, each associated with distinct land uses and social groups.
Central business district : A city’s principal concentration of commercial, financial, and administrative activity. The model places this commercial core at the center of the city.
Ernest Burgess : An American sociologist who developed the concentric zone model of urban growth. Burgess formulated the model from observations of Chicago’s urban structure.
Multiple nuclei model : A model of urban structure in which several activity centers shape land use and growth. Unlike Burgess’s single-centered pattern, it allows multiple centers to organize the city.
Urban geography : The study of cities, their spatial organization, and their relationships with surrounding areas. The model is a foundational framework for describing and comparing urban land-use patterns.
Urban planning : The process of guiding land use, infrastructure, and development in cities and their surrounding regions. The model gives planners a basic framework for relating urban functions to distance from the center.
Zone in transition : An urban area adjoining the central business district, marked by land-use change and often older housing and industry. Burgess’s second ring is the transitional area where industry and immigrant housing expand.
The City (Park and Burgess book) : A 1925 collection of essays by Robert E. Park, Ernest W. Burgess, and others on urban life and social organization. The model appeared in Burgess’s chapter on the growth of the city.
Hoyt sector model : An urban land-use model in which development forms wedges radiating from the central business district. Hoyt’s sectors follow transport corridors rather than forming complete rings.
Human ecology : An approach to studying how human groups interact with one another and their environments. The model applies ecological ideas of competition and succession to urban neighborhoods.
Residential segregation : The uneven separation of social or racial groups across residential areas. Its social rings suggest spatial sorting, though they cannot explain segregation’s full causes.
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