Concrete slab

A flat, usually horizontal structural element made of concrete, used for floors, roofs, foundations, or paving. It carries loads and transfers them to supports or the ground.

Reinforced concrete: Concrete containing embedded steel or other reinforcement that helps resist tensile forces. Steel reinforcement lets a slab resist tension that concrete alone handles poorly.
Bending moment: The internal moment in a structural member that causes it to bend under load. Slab bending creates tension that reinforcement must resist.
Slab-on-ground: A concrete slab cast directly over prepared soil or a supporting base. It transfers floor loads to the ground rather than spanning between elevated supports.
Beam-and-slab floor: A floor system in which a concrete slab transfers loads to supporting beams. Beams provide intermediate support, unlike a flat slab bearing directly on columns.
Concrete: A composite building material made from cement, water, and aggregates, which hardens through hydration. Its strength, stiffness, and durability shape slab design.
One-way slab: A slab that carries most of its load in one direction, typically toward two opposite supports. This is a common spanning pattern when support geometry favors one direction.
Flat slab: A reinforced-concrete floor system supported directly by columns, generally without beams. Its direct column support creates distinctive punching-shear and layout considerations.
Hollow-core slab: A precast prestressed concrete floor unit containing continuous longitudinal voids to reduce weight. Its voided precast form differs from a solid slab cast or assembled on site.
Rebar: Steel bars placed in concrete to carry tensile forces and control cracking. Its placement determines how reinforced slabs resist bending and shrinkage.
Two-way slab: A slab supported on multiple sides that distributes loads in two perpendicular directions. This behavior occurs when supports and proportions allow load sharing both ways.

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