Containment

Containment was a US strategy during the Cold War to resist the expansion of Soviet power without seeking to overthrow the Soviet government.

Truman Doctrine: A 1947 US policy pledging support for countries resisting communist pressure or armed minorities. It publicly committed the United States to aiding states threatened by Soviet influence.
George F. Kennan: A US diplomat whose analysis of Soviet policy shaped the early strategy of containment. His writings supplied the strategy's influential rationale and initial formulation.
Berlin Blockade: The 1948–1949 Soviet blockade of Western access routes to Berlin, countered by an Allied airlift. The airlift demonstrated a way to resist pressure without direct military confrontation.
Rollback: A strategy of reversing an adversary's control or influence, rather than merely preventing its further expansion. Containment sought to limit Soviet gains, not generally to overthrow Soviet rule.
Cold War: A prolonged geopolitical rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union and their allies, roughly from 1947 to 1991. Containment became a defining US approach to this wider rivalry.
Marshall Plan: A US program providing economic aid to rebuild Western European economies after World War II. Economic recovery was intended to reduce conditions that could strengthen communist parties.
Long Telegram: A 1946 diplomatic cable by George F. Kennan analyzing Soviet behavior and US policy options. Kennan argued that Soviet pressure could be resisted through firm, patient countermeasures.
Korean War: A 1950–1953 war between North and South Korea, involving United Nations forces and Chinese intervention. US intervention framed the defense of South Korea as resistance to communist expansion.
Détente: A period and policy of reduced tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union, especially in the 1970s. Détente pursued negotiated relaxation of tensions alongside continued competition.
Military–industrial complex: The network of relationships among a country's armed forces, government, and defense industries. Sustained military commitments helped expand the US defense establishment.

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