Copper(II) carbonate

Copper(II) carbonate is the copper(II) salt of carbonic acid with formula CuCO₃. It is unstable and readily forms basic copper carbonates.

Copper(II): Copper(II) is the +2 oxidation state of copper, commonly present as Cu²⁺ in compounds. Cu²⁺ supplies the cation in CuCO₃.
Basic copper carbonate: Basic copper carbonate is a family of copper(II) hydroxycarbonates, including the mineral malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂. Hydrolysis and aging commonly favor hydroxycarbonates over the nominal neutral salt.
Verdigris: Verdigris is a family of green or blue copper corrosion products, often containing basic copper acetates or carbonates. Atmospheric copper corrosion can produce carbonate-bearing patinas, not pure CuCO₃.
Copper(II) carbonate monohydrate: Copper(II) carbonate monohydrate is a reported hydrated form of nominal copper(II) carbonate with composition CuCO₃·H₂O. Hydration illustrates that reported copper carbonate solids need not be anhydrous CuCO₃.
Carbonate: Carbonate is the polyatomic ion CO₃²⁻, formed from carbonic acid. CO₃²⁻ is the anion paired with copper(II) in the formula.
Malachite: Malachite is a green copper(II) hydroxycarbonate mineral with formula Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂. It is a familiar crystalline product among basic copper carbonates.
Copper patina: A copper patina is a surface layer of corrosion products formed on copper and its alloys. Basic copper carbonates contribute to the green patinas that develop outdoors.
Copper carbonate hydroxide: Copper carbonate hydroxide is a compound containing copper, carbonate, and hydroxide ions in a solid structure. This chemically more representative class accounts for many solids historically called copper carbonate.
Carbonic acid: Carbonic acid is the weak acid H₂CO₃ formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water. Copper(II) carbonate is its nominal copper(II) salt.
Azurite: Azurite is a blue copper(II) hydroxycarbonate mineral with formula Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂. Its composition shows another stable basic carbonate rather than CuCO₃.

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