Knowra Cotonou Agreement Cotonou Agreement A 2000 partnership agreement between the European Union and African, Caribbean, and Pacific states covering development cooperation, trade, and political dialogue. It was designed to replace the Lomé Conventions and ran for 20 years.
European Development Fund : A fund financed by EU member states to support development cooperation with countries in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific. It financed much of the agreement’s development cooperation outside the EU budget.
Lomé Convention : A series of cooperation agreements between the European Economic Community and African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries, beginning in 1975. The Cotonou Agreement replaced this earlier framework while retaining the partnership’s broad scope.
Everything But Arms : An EU trade initiative granting duty-free, quota-free access to most goods from least-developed countries, except arms and ammunition. It offered unilateral preferences, unlike the reciprocal trade arrangements pursued under the agreement’s trade pillar.
Aid effectiveness : The degree to which development assistance achieves its intended results and supports sustainable development. The agreement’s development pillar raised questions about coordination, ownership, and the results of aid.
Economic Partnership Agreements : Trade agreements between the EU and groups of African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries, intended to create reciprocal market access. They translated the agreement’s trade pillar into regional negotiations and market-access rules.
Yaoundé Convention : A set of association agreements between the European Economic Community and former colonies in Africa and Madagascar, signed in 1963 and 1969. It was an early predecessor in the history of European cooperation with African states.
Generalised Scheme of Preferences : A trade policy through which the EU grants reduced tariffs to imports from eligible developing countries. It shows how the EU’s non-reciprocal tariff preferences differed from Economic Partnership Agreements.
Trade liberalization : The reduction or removal of barriers to international trade, including tariffs and quotas. Economic Partnership Agreements pursued liberalization between the EU and participating ACP regions.
Political conditionality : The use of aid or other benefits to encourage governments to meet political or human-rights standards. The agreement tied partnership benefits to commitments on human rights, democracy, and the rule of law.
Partnership Agreement between the EU and OACPS Members : A successor agreement establishing a renewed partnership between the European Union and members of the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States. Known as the Samoa Agreement, it followed the Cotonou framework after its period of application.
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