Crimea

Crimea is a peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea, internationally recognized as part of Ukraine and occupied and administered by Russia since 2014.

Crimean Khanate: A Crimean state ruled by the Giray dynasty from the fifteenth century until its annexation by the Russian Empire in 1783. The khanate made Crimea a major political power before Russian imperial rule.
Russian annexation of Crimea: Russia's 2014 incorporation of Crimea, which Ukraine and most countries reject as illegal. This is the event that established Russia's current administration of the peninsula.
Vladimir Putin: A Russian politician who has served as president or prime minister of Russia since 1999. Putin announced Russia's incorporation of Crimea in 2014.
Black Sea Fleet: The Russian Navy's fleet based in the Black Sea, historically headquartered in Sevastopol. Sevastopol's naval facilities have made control of Crimea strategically valuable.
Deportation of the Crimean Tatars: The Soviet Union's 1944 forced deportation of Crimean Tatars from Crimea to Central Asia and other regions. The deportation reshaped Crimea's population and remains central to Crimean Tatar collective memory.
Russian Empire: A Eurasian empire ruled by the Romanov dynasty from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. The empire annexed Crimea in 1783 and made it a strategic Black Sea possession.
Occupation of Crimea: Russia's military control and administration of Crimea since 2014, unrecognized as lawful sovereignty by Ukraine and most states. Occupation describes the control on the ground without treating sovereignty as settled.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy: A Ukrainian politician who has served as president of Ukraine since 2019. Zelenskyy has made restoring Ukrainian control of Crimea a stated national objective.
Sevastopol: A major Crimean port city and naval base on the Black Sea. Its harbor hosts the principal naval facilities associated with Crimea.
Return of the Crimean Tatars: The gradual resettlement of Crimean Tatars in their homeland, especially after Soviet restrictions eased in the late 1980s. Return reversed some effects of deportation but left enduring disputes over land and representation.

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