Crucifixion of Jesus

The Roman execution of Jesus of Nazareth by crucifixion in Jerusalem, traditionally dated to the first century CE. It became central to Christian accounts of his death and resurrection.

Pontius Pilate: The Roman prefect of Judaea who governed during Jesus’s execution. The Gospels and other ancient evidence place the execution under Pilate’s authority.
Atonement in Christianity: Christian teaching about how Jesus’s death reconciles humanity with God. The crucifixion is the central event explained by Christian atonement theories.
Jehohanan: A first-century CE man whose remains from Jerusalem provide archaeological evidence of Roman crucifixion. His remains offer a rare physical comparison for reconstructing crucifixion practice.
Historical Jesus: The person Jesus of Nazareth as reconstructed through historical methods and ancient sources. Historical study asks what can be established about his execution apart from theological claims.
Roman crucifixion: A Roman method of execution that exposed victims to prolonged pain and public disgrace. It was the form of execution imposed on Jesus by Roman power.
Resurrection of Jesus: The Christian belief that Jesus rose from the dead after his crucifixion. Christian proclamation joins Jesus’s death to the claim that he was raised.
Shroud of Turin: A linen cloth bearing an image of a man, traditionally identified by some as Jesus’s burial shroud. Its proposed connection to Jesus’s death is disputed and distinct from the historical evidence.
Caiaphas: The Jewish high priest in Jerusalem during the period of Jesus’s death. Gospel accounts assign local religious leadership a role distinct from Roman execution authority.
Gospel of Mark: The earliest surviving canonical Gospel, narrating Jesus’s ministry, death, and resurrection. Its passion narrative is a key early account of the execution.
Good Friday: The Christian observance commemorating Jesus’s crucifixion and death. It marks the execution within the annual liturgical calendar.

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