Cuban exile

Cuban exile is the migration of Cubans from the island, especially following the 1959 revolution, and the diaspora communities formed abroad.

Cuban Revolution: A revolutionary movement that overthrew Fulgencio Batista and brought Fidel Castro to power in 1959. Its victory began the political upheaval behind the largest waves of Cuban emigration.
Fidel Castro: The Cuban revolutionary leader who governed Cuba from 1959 until 2008. His government’s policies and political conflict with the United States shaped major departures.
Wet feet, dry feet policy: A former U.S. policy that generally allowed Cubans reaching U.S. soil to stay while returning those intercepted at sea. It shaped the risks and routes of Cuban migration until its end in 2017.
Cuban immigrant: A person of Cuban origin who has settled in a country outside Cuba. Immigrant describes settlement, while exile emphasizes displacement and political rupture.
Cuban Missile Crisis: A 1962 confrontation between the United States, the Soviet Union, and Cuba over Soviet nuclear missiles on the island. The crisis intensified Cold War tensions surrounding Cuban migration and exile.
José Martí: A Cuban writer and independence leader whose ideas became central to Cuban national identity. Exiles drew on Martí’s writings to articulate Cuban identity beyond the island.
Family reunification: Migration that allows people to join close relatives living in another country. Family ties have sustained Cuban migration across successive waves.
Cuban refugee: A Cuban who meets the legal definition of a refugee under a country’s protection system. Exile is a broad historical identity; refugee is a specific legal status.
Cuban Adjustment Act: A 1966 United States law allowing eligible Cubans admitted or paroled into the country to seek permanent residence. It gave many Cuban arrivals a distinctive legal route to permanent residence.
Jorge Mas Canosa: A Cuban American businessman and political activist who founded the Cuban American National Foundation. He helped organize exile opposition to Castro and influence U.S. policy.

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