Cubism

An early 20th-century art movement that represented subjects through fragmented geometric forms and multiple viewpoints, challenging Renaissance perspective and unified composition.

Analytical Cubism: A phase of Cubism that broke subjects into small, overlapping facets and subdued colors. Its dense fragmentation shows how Cubist analysis decomposed objects into interlocking planes.
Paul Cézanne: A French painter whose structural treatment of nature influenced modern art. His reduction of landscapes and objects to basic forms became a key precedent for Cubist structure.
Pablo Picasso: A Spanish artist whose work helped shape Cubism and many later modern art movements. His experiments with fragmented form helped initiate Cubism and repeatedly transformed it.
Orphism: An early twentieth-century art movement that used simultaneous color contrasts to create rhythmic abstraction. Robert Delaunay and others developed color-focused abstraction from Cubist experiments.
Fauvism: An early twentieth-century art movement known for expressive color and simplified forms. Fauvist painters emphasized intense color, while Cubists made structural fragmentation central.
Synthetic Cubism: A phase of Cubism that assembled simplified forms, bold colors, and sometimes collage materials. Its constructed images shifted from dissecting forms toward recombining them.
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon: Pablo Picasso's 1907 painting of five women, often regarded as a formative work of modern art. Its fractured figures and compressed space anticipate Cubist methods.
Georges Braque: A French painter who developed Cubism in close collaboration with Pablo Picasso. His sustained partnership with Picasso shaped Cubism's early language and analytical phase.
Futurism: An Italian avant-garde movement that celebrated speed, machinery, and dynamic modern life. Futurists borrowed Cubist fragmentation while redirecting it toward motion and modern technology.
Impressionism: A nineteenth-century art movement that explored fleeting effects of light and everyday scenes. Cubism replaced Impressionist attention to changing light with analysis of form and viewpoint.

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