Culm

A culm is the stem of a grass or grasslike plant, typically marked by joints called nodes and the segments between them called internodes.

Plant stem: A plant stem supports leaves and reproductive structures and transports water, minerals, and sugars. A culm is the characteristic stem form found in grasses and related plants.
Grass tillering: The production of side shoots from basal buds in grasses. Tillering produces additional culms from the plant's base.
Bamboo: A group of woody grasses whose culms range from small shoots to large, rigid canes. Bamboo culms are widely used as structural material and harvested for many products.
Woody stem: A stem strengthened by substantial secondary growth and persistent wood. Most grass culms lack the continuous wood typical of woody stems.
Node (botany): A point on a plant stem where leaves, buds, or branches arise. Culm nodes anchor leaves and often mark boundaries between stem segments.
Leaf sheath: The lower part of a leaf that wraps around or partly surrounds a plant stem. Grass leaf sheaths encircle culms and contribute to their support.
Rice straw: The dried stems and leaves left after rice grains are harvested. Rice culms make up much of the straw used as fodder, mulch, and building material.
Pseudostem: A stemlike structure formed mainly by tightly overlapping leaf bases rather than a true stem. Some grasslike plants have pseudostems that can be mistaken for culms.
Internode: The portion of a plant stem between two successive nodes. Internodes make up the elongated segments of many culms.
Hollow stem: A stem with a central cavity rather than continuous solid tissue. Many grass culms have hollow internodes, although nodes remain solid.

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