Cutibacterium acnes

Cutibacterium acnes is a slow-growing, Gram-positive bacterium that commonly inhabits human skin and hair follicles. It can contribute to acne and cause infections, including infections involving implanted medical devices.

Sebaceous gland: A skin gland that secretes oily sebum into a hair follicle or onto the skin surface. Sebum-rich follicles provide the habitat in which this bacterium commonly grows.
Acne vulgaris: A chronic inflammatory skin disorder involving comedones, papules, pustules, or nodules. This is the best-known condition associated with the bacterium, though acne has multiple causes.
Propionibacterium acnes: The former name of Cutibacterium acnes, retained in older scientific and clinical literature. The 2016 reclassification moved the species from Propionibacterium into Cutibacterium.
Cutibacterium avidum: A Cutibacterium species found on human skin that can cause opportunistic infections. It is a related skin bacterium that can also infect prosthetic joints.
Biofilm: A community of microorganisms embedded in a self-produced matrix and attached to a surface. Biofilm growth can help the bacterium persist on implanted devices.
Acne microbiome: The microbial community of acne-prone skin and follicles, including different strains of Cutibacterium acnes. Strain diversity and community balance help explain why the species is not uniformly harmful.
Cutibacterium: A genus of mostly skin-associated bacteria that includes Cutibacterium acnes. The genus places this species among related organisms adapted to human skin.
Cutibacterium granulosum: A species of Cutibacterium that occurs on human skin and is less commonly linked to disease. It shares the skin niche but is less strongly associated with acne.
Toll-like receptor 2: An immune receptor that detects microbial molecules and helps initiate inflammatory signaling. Recognition of bacterial components through this receptor can contribute to skin inflammation.
Prosthetic joint infection: An infection involving an artificial joint and surrounding tissues. Cutibacterium acnes can cause indolent infections around joint prostheses.

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