Knowra Cyclic vomiting syndrome Cyclic vomiting syndrome Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a disorder marked by recurrent, stereotyped episodes of severe nausea and vomiting, separated by periods with few or no symptoms.
Prodrome : The early phase of an illness, when symptoms signal that an episode is beginning. Yawning, nausea, or other early symptoms can precede a vomiting episode.
Rome IV criteria : Consensus diagnostic criteria for disorders of gut-brain interaction, including cyclic vomiting syndrome. They define the characteristic episode pattern used in clinical diagnosis.
Nausea : An unpleasant sensation of needing to vomit, which may occur with or without vomiting. Severe nausea is a central symptom during episodes.
Gastroparesis : A disorder in which the stomach empties more slowly than normal without mechanical blockage. It more often causes persistent or meal-related symptoms than sharply separated attacks.
Autonomic nervous system : The nervous system that regulates involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and sweating. Autonomic symptoms can accompany episodes and may reflect disrupted regulation.
Differential diagnosis : The process of distinguishing a condition from other disorders with similar signs or symptoms. Metabolic, gastrointestinal, neurologic, and exposure-related causes must be considered.
Vomiting : The forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. Repeated vomiting defines the acute phase of the syndrome.
Rumination syndrome : A disorder involving repeated, effortless return of recently eaten food into the mouth. Its characteristic regurgitation differs from severe episodic vomiting.
Mitochondrial disease : A group of disorders caused by impaired function of mitochondria, the cell structures that produce most cellular energy. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one proposed contributor to susceptibility in some cases.
Amitriptyline : A tricyclic antidepressant used for depression, neuropathic pain, and prevention of some recurrent headache disorders. It is commonly used as preventive treatment for frequent or severe episodes.
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