Knowra Cyclophosphamide Cyclophosphamide Cyclophosphamide is a prodrug that the body converts into DNA-alkylating compounds. It is used in combination chemotherapy and to suppress immune activity in severe autoimmune disease.
Prodrug : A medication administered in an inactive or less active form that the body converts into an active drug. Liver enzymes convert cyclophosphamide into metabolites that damage DNA.
CHOP chemotherapy : A lymphoma regimen combining cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone. Cyclophosphamide is one of the four drugs in this standard lymphoma regimen.
Hemorrhagic cystitis : Bladder inflammation that causes bleeding, often due to toxic injury to the bladder lining. Urinary acrolein can cause this characteristic cyclophosphamide complication.
Ifosfamide : An alkylating chemotherapy drug structurally related to cyclophosphamide and activated by liver enzymes. It shares DNA-alkylating activity but has distinct dosing patterns and toxicities.
Nitrogen mustard : A class of alkylating compounds that includes chemical warfare agents and several anticancer drugs. Cyclophosphamide belongs to this drug class, whose medical development followed wartime observations.
Cytochrome P450 : A family of enzymes that metabolize drugs and other compounds, often through oxidation. Several cytochrome P450 enzymes initiate cyclophosphamide activation.
AC chemotherapy : A breast cancer regimen combining doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. This common combination uses cyclophosphamide alongside an anthracycline.
Myelosuppression : Reduced bone marrow production of blood cells, increasing risks of infection, anemia, and bleeding. Cyclophosphamide suppresses marrow and can cause severe, dose-related cytopenias.
Chlorambucil : An oral nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used mainly for certain hematologic cancers. It is another nitrogen mustard, but its uses and toxicity profile differ.
Chemical warfare : The use of toxic chemicals to injure or kill people during armed conflict. Exposure to mustard agents helped prompt investigation of related compounds against cancer.
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