Cyrillic script

Cyrillic is an alphabetic writing system developed in the First Bulgarian Empire. Its modern forms write languages including Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, and Serbian.

Cyrillic alphabet: The set and ordered sequence of letters used in a particular form of Cyrillic writing. Each language adapts this shared script into its own alphabet.
First Bulgarian Empire: A medieval Bulgarian state that existed from the seventh to the eleventh century. Cyrillic took shape in its cultural and political setting.
Russian alphabet: The 33-letter alphabet used to write modern Russian. It is the best-known contemporary form of Cyrillic.
Latin script: A writing system derived from the ancient Roman alphabet and used by many languages. It competes with Cyrillic as a script for several languages.
Glagolitic script: The oldest known Slavic alphabet, devised in the ninth century for Christian texts. Its letters supplied models for some early Cyrillic forms.
Preslav Literary School: A medieval Bulgarian literary center associated with the development and spread of Cyrillic. Its scholars helped establish the script in Bulgarian writing.
Ukrainian alphabet: The 33-letter alphabet used to write modern Ukrainian. Its distinctive letters represent sounds absent from standard Russian.
Greek alphabet: An alphabet used to write Greek, descended from the Phoenician writing system. Greek letterforms influenced parts of the Cyrillic repertoire.
Old Church Slavonic: The earliest literary Slavic language, used in medieval translations of Christian texts. Its manuscripts preserve early uses of Cyrillic.
Saints Cyril and Methodius: Ninth-century Byzantine missionaries who created the Glagolitic alphabet for Slavic Christian texts. Their mission created the literary context from which Cyrillic later emerged.

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