Dachau concentration camp

Dachau was a Nazi concentration camp established near Munich in 1933. It became a model for the camp system and held political prisoners, Jews, and other persecuted groups.

SS-Totenkopfverbände: The SS units responsible for guarding and administering Nazi concentration camps. These units staffed Dachau and enforced its regime of coercion and violence.
Adolf Hitler: The leader of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. Hitler’s government created the political conditions for Dachau’s establishment.
Georg Elser: A German carpenter who attempted to assassinate Hitler in 1939 and was imprisoned at Dachau. Elser was held in isolation at Dachau before being murdered there in 1945.
Dachau trials: U.S. military trials held after World War II to prosecute crimes committed at Dachau and other camps. The trials addressed responsibility for crimes committed within the camp system.
Dachau camp regulations: Rules imposed on prisoners and staff at the Dachau concentration camp. The regulations codified discipline, punishment, and the camp’s arbitrary authority.
Heinrich Himmler: A leading Nazi official who headed the SS and oversaw the police and concentration camp system. As Bavarian police chief, Himmler announced Dachau’s creation in March 1933.
Martin Niemöller: A Protestant pastor and Nazi opponent imprisoned in several concentration camps, including Dachau. Niemöller’s imprisonment illustrates the persecution of religious opponents of the regime.
Dachau concentration camp memorial site: A memorial and museum established at the former Dachau camp site in Bavaria. The memorial preserves the site and documents persecution, imprisonment, and liberation.
Forced labor in Nazi concentration camps: Compulsory work imposed on prisoners in Nazi concentration camps for economic and military purposes. Prisoners at Dachau were increasingly exploited for labor, especially during the war.
Reichstag Fire Decree: A 1933 decree that suspended civil liberties in Germany after the Reichstag fire. Its removal of legal protections enabled mass arrests that filled early camps.

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