Dacians

The Dacians were an ancient people of the lower Danube region, centered in Dacia. Rome conquered their kingdom in the early second century CE.

Dacia: An ancient region north of the lower Danube, encompassing much of present-day Romania and parts of neighboring countries. The Dacians’ homeland gave their people and kingdom their familiar name.
Burebista: A Dacian king who built a powerful kingdom in the first century BCE. His rule briefly united many communities across the Dacian world.
Sarmizegetusa Regia: The principal political and religious center of the Dacian kingdom in the Orăștie Mountains. Its sanctuaries and defenses reveal the organization of Dacian royal power.
Roman conquest of Dacia: The Roman annexation of Dacia after Trajan’s campaigns, completed in 106 CE. Conquest transformed Dacian territory into a frontier province of the empire.
Getae: An ancient people of the lower Danube region, described by Greek and Roman writers. Ancient authors sometimes treated the Getae and Dacians as closely related or identical peoples.
Decebalus: The Dacian king who fought Rome under Domitian and Trajan before his kingdom fell. His wars and defeat mark the final phase of independent Dacian kingship.
Dacian fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains: A group of fortified sites in Romania, built to defend the Dacian kingdom’s central region. Their linked defenses formed the stronghold system Rome had to overcome.
Romanization: The adoption of Roman language, institutions, and customs in provinces and frontier regions. Roman rule reshaped communities in the conquered parts of Dacia.
Thracians: An ancient group of Indo-European-speaking peoples who lived across southeastern Europe. The Dacians are commonly understood as part of the wider Thracian world.
Domitian's Dacian War: A series of Roman-Dacian conflicts fought during Emperor Domitian’s reign, from 85 to 89 CE. The conflict exposed Rome’s difficulty in subduing Decebalus’s kingdom.

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