Dalton's law of partial pressures

Dalton's law states that the total pressure of a mixture of nonreacting gases equals the sum of the pressures each gas would exert alone in the same volume and at the same temperature.

Partial pressure: The pressure attributable to one gas in a mixture, equal for an ideal gas to its mole fraction times total pressure. Each component contributes its own partial pressure to the mixture's total.
Air: The gas mixture surrounding Earth, composed chiefly of nitrogen and oxygen with smaller amounts of other gases. Its total pressure is the sum of the contributions from its component gases.
Gas mixture: A physical combination of two or more gases occupying the same space. Dalton's law describes the total pressure produced by the mixture's components.
Real gas: A gas whose behavior departs from the ideal-gas model because its particles interact and occupy volume. Real-gas interactions can make component pressures fail to add exactly as Dalton's law predicts.
Ideal gas law: The equation relating an ideal gas's pressure, volume, amount, and absolute temperature: PV = nRT. Applying it to each gas in a shared volume gives the sum rule.
Henry's law: A law relating the concentration of a dissolved gas to its partial pressure above a liquid. Gas partial pressures determine equilibrium amounts dissolved in liquids.
Pressure: Force exerted per unit area by collisions or other interactions at a surface. The law concerns how component contributions combine into total pressure.
Compressibility factor: A dimensionless measure of a gas's deviation from ideal-gas behavior. Departures from ideality signal conditions where simple partial-pressure calculations lose accuracy.
Mole fraction: The fraction of a mixture's total amount of substance contributed by one component. For ideal gas mixtures, a component's partial pressure equals its mole fraction times total pressure.
Oxygen therapy: Medical administration of oxygen to prevent or treat inadequate oxygenation. The inspired oxygen partial pressure helps determine oxygen transfer into blood.

Linked from 23 pages