Knowra Data Data Data are recorded observations or representations that can be processed and interpreted. They may be qualitative or quantitative, structured or unstructured.
Data type : A classification that specifies the values a data element can hold and the operations permitted on them. Types distinguish numbers, text, dates, and other representations within datasets.
Data collection : The systematic gathering and recording of observations, measurements, or other information. Collection is where raw observations enter a dataset.
Statistics : The discipline of collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data, especially under uncertainty. Statistical methods turn data into summaries and inferences.
Qualitative data : Data expressed as categories, descriptions, or other nonnumeric forms. These data represent qualities or categories rather than measured quantities.
Variable : A property that can take different values across observations, cases, or time. Variables name the properties recorded as data.
Data preprocessing : The preparation of data for analysis through steps such as cleaning, transformation, and integration. Preprocessing addresses errors and inconsistencies before analysis.
Database : An organized collection of data designed for efficient access, management, and updating. Databases preserve and retrieve data for applications and analysis.
Quantitative data : Data expressed as numerical values representing counts, measurements, or amounts. These data support arithmetic comparisons when their measurement scales permit them.
Measurement : The assignment of values or categories to properties according to defined rules. Measurement rules determine how observations become recorded values.
Data analysis : The inspection and transformation of data to describe patterns, test claims, or support decisions. Analysis extracts patterns and evidence from recorded representations.
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