Decane

Decane is a straight-chain alkane with the molecular formula C₁₀H₂₂. Its ten-carbon chain makes it a liquid at room temperature and a component of petroleum and fuel mixtures.

Alkanes: Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons containing only carbon–carbon and carbon–hydrogen single bonds. Decane belongs to this hydrocarbon family and shares its characteristic bonding.
Combustion: Combustion is a rapid reaction with an oxidant that releases heat, often with light. Decane releases energy when it reacts with oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water under complete combustion.
Petroleum: Petroleum is a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbons found in geological formations. Decane occurs in petroleum and can be separated within its hydrocarbon fractions.
Nonane: Nonane is a straight-chain alkane with the molecular formula C₉H₂₀. One fewer carbon atom gives nonane different physical properties and a lower boiling point.
Molecular formula: A molecular formula gives the number of atoms of each element in one molecule. C₁₀H₂₂ states decane’s carbon and hydrogen counts.
Enthalpy of combustion: Enthalpy of combustion is the heat released when a specified amount of a substance burns completely in oxygen. It quantifies the energy available from burning decane.
Diesel fuel: Diesel fuel is a liquid fuel used in compression-ignition engines, composed mainly of hydrocarbons. Decane is among the hydrocarbons found in diesel-range fuel mixtures.
Undecane: Undecane is a straight-chain alkane with the molecular formula C₁₁H₂₄. One additional carbon atom places undecane next to decane in the alkane homologous series.
Structural formula: A structural formula represents how atoms are connected within a molecule. The formula CH₃(CH₂)₈CH₃ displays decane’s unbranched carbon chain.
Vapor pressure: Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid. Decane’s low vapor pressure at ordinary temperatures reflects its limited volatility.

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