Dennis Gabor

Dennis Gabor (1900–1979) was a Hungarian-British physicist who invented holography and received the 1971 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Nobel Prize in Physics: An annual prize recognizing major contributions to physics, awarded by the Nobel Foundation. Gabor received the 1971 prize for his invention and development of holography.
Holography: A method of recording and reconstructing wavefronts to produce images with depth. Gabor invented this method in 1947 while seeking improved electron-microscope resolution.
Holography in electron microscopy: The use of holographic recording and reconstruction to improve electron-microscope imaging. Gabor’s original 1947 proposal targeted electron microscopy rather than display images.
Holographic data storage: A data-storage method that records information throughout a material using interference patterns. It applies holographic recording to store multiple data pages in the same volume.
Gabor limit: A time-frequency uncertainty bound stating that a Gaussian window achieves optimal joint concentration. The bound is associated with the Gaussian-window analysis Gabor used for signal representation.
Guglielmo Marconi: Italian inventor and engineer whose work helped establish practical radio communication. Gabor worked at Marconi’s research laboratories in England before joining university research.
Electron microscopy: Imaging that uses beams of electrons instead of visible light to resolve very small structures. Its resolution limits motivated Gabor to devise a way to correct lens aberrations.
Electron lens aberration: A deviation of an electron lens from ideal focusing that distorts an image. Gabor sought to correct these distortions by recording and reconstructing electron wavefronts.
Holographic interferometry: A measurement technique that uses holograms to reveal tiny changes in an object’s shape or position. It uses phase-sensitive holographic comparisons for nondestructive testing and vibration analysis.
Gabor patch: A localized sinusoidal visual stimulus shaped by a Gaussian envelope. The stimulus takes its name from Gabor’s work on localized frequency analysis.

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