Deoxyribose

Deoxyribose is a five-carbon sugar whose ring lacks the oxygen atom present in ribose. It forms the sugar component of DNA nucleotides.

Ribose: Ribose is a five-carbon sugar found in RNA and other biological molecules. Ribose has one more oxygen atom than deoxyribose at the 2′ carbon.
Deoxyribonucleic acid: Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer that stores hereditary information in cells and many viruses. Repeated deoxyribose units form its sugar-phosphate backbone.
DNA replication: DNA replication is the cellular process of copying a DNA molecule before cell division. Replication builds new strands from nucleotides containing deoxyribose.
Ribonucleic acid: Ribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid whose nucleotides contain ribose and whose sequence can carry or regulate biological information. RNA uses ribose where DNA uses deoxyribose.
Pentose: A pentose is a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms. Deoxyribose belongs to this sugar family despite lacking one oxygen found in ribose.
Sugar-phosphate backbone: The sugar-phosphate backbone is the alternating chain of sugars and phosphate groups in a nucleic acid strand. Deoxyribose supplies each sugar unit in DNA’s backbone.
DNA polymerase: DNA polymerases are enzymes that synthesize DNA by adding nucleotides to a growing strand. These enzymes select and join deoxyribose-containing DNA building blocks.
2′-deoxyribonucleotide: A 2′-deoxyribonucleotide is a nucleotide containing 2′-deoxyribose, a base, and at least one phosphate group. It is the complete monomer built around deoxyribose.
Nucleotide: A nucleotide is a molecule composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. Deoxyribose is the sugar in DNA nucleotides.
2′ carbon: The 2′ carbon is the second carbon atom in a nucleic-acid sugar, numbered from the anomeric carbon. Its missing hydroxyl group distinguishes deoxyribose from ribose.

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