Depersonalization-derealization disorder
A dissociative disorder involving persistent or recurrent detachment from oneself, one's surroundings, or both, while reality testing remains intact.
Depersonalization: An experience of detachment or unreality concerning one's thoughts, feelings, body, or sense of self. This is the self-directed form of detachment in the disorder.
DSM-5-TR: The revised text edition of the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic manual, published in 2022. It sets diagnostic criteria for depersonalization-derealization disorder.
Clinical interview: A structured or open-ended conversation used to assess symptoms, history, and functioning. Clinicians use interviews to establish persistence, distress, impairment, and possible causes.
Transient depersonalization: A brief episode of feeling detached from oneself that does not form a persistent disorder. Brief experiences can occur in the general population without meeting diagnostic thresholds.
Etiology: The study or explanation of the causes and origins of a disease or disorder. The disorder has no single established cause; interacting factors remain under study.
Derealization: An experience in which surroundings seem unreal, distant, dreamlike, or visually altered. This is the surroundings-directed form of detachment in the disorder.
ICD-11: The World Health Organization's international classification of diseases, in its eleventh revision. It provides an international diagnostic framework for the disorder.
Cognitive behavioral therapy: A psychotherapy that examines links among thoughts, emotions, bodily responses, and behavior. It may address catastrophic interpretations, anxiety, and avoidance associated with detachment.
Schizophrenia: A mental disorder characterized by psychosis, disorganized thinking, and disturbances in motivation or functioning. Unlike psychosis, detachment in this disorder occurs with reality testing intact.
Epidemiology: The study of the distribution and determinants of health conditions in populations. Estimates vary with methods, and the disorder may be underrecognized.