Deutsche Bahn

Deutsche Bahn AG is Germany’s state-owned railway company, operating passenger and freight services and managing much of the country’s rail infrastructure.

DB Fernverkehr: Deutsche Bahn subsidiary operating most of Germany’s long-distance passenger trains. It runs the Intercity and ICE services that form DB’s long-distance passenger business.
Railway infrastructure: The fixed facilities and systems needed to operate railways, including tracks, signaling, and stations. DB’s infrastructure subsidiary maintains much of this shared physical network.
Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany): The state railway of the German Democratic Republic from 1949 until German reunification. Its assets and operations were integrated into the reunited German railway system.
FlixTrain: A German open-access passenger rail operator offering long-distance services in competition with Deutsche Bahn. It competes with DB Fernverkehr on selected long-distance routes.
DB Regio: Deutsche Bahn subsidiary providing regional and local passenger rail and bus services. It operates much of DB’s regional passenger network under contracts with German states.
Railway signalling: Systems that control train movements and maintain safe separation on railway lines. Signaling determines how many trains DB can safely run on a route.
Deutsche Bundesbahn: The state-owned railway of West Germany from 1949 until railway reform in 1994. It was one of the two railways combined to create Deutsche Bahn AG.
Metronom Eisenbahngesellschaft: A German regional passenger railway company operating services under public contracts in northern Germany. It illustrates how regional trains can be operated by companies other than DB Regio.
DB InfraGO: Deutsche Bahn subsidiary responsible for much of Germany’s railway infrastructure and passenger stations. It manages the tracks and stations on which DB and other train operators depend.
Railway timetable: A coordinated schedule specifying train movements, stops, and connections across a railway network. DB services must fit together across routes while sharing constrained track capacity.

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