Knowra Developmentalism Developmentalism Developmentalism is an economic and political doctrine that treats rapid national development as a central goal, often pursued through state-led industrialization and economic planning.
Import substitution industrialization : An industrialization strategy that replaces imported goods with domestically produced goods, often behind trade barriers. It is a common route for building domestic industry under developmentalist policies.
Raúl Prebisch : An Argentine economist who argued that unequal trade relations disadvantaged commodity-exporting economies. His center–periphery analysis helped justify industrialization in developing countries.
Celso Furtado : A Brazilian economist who analyzed Latin American underdevelopment and advocated structural economic transformation. His work connected regional economic structures to national development strategies.
Neoliberalism : A political-economic approach that favors market competition, private ownership, and limited state direction of the economy. It challenges developmentalism's reliance on public direction and industrial policy.
Brazilian miracle : A period of exceptionally rapid economic growth in Brazil, mainly from 1968 to 1973, under military rule. It illustrates both the growth potential and authoritarian context of state-led development.
Economic planning : The deliberate coordination of economic activity through public plans, targets, and resource allocation. Developmentalist governments use plans to direct investment toward national development goals.
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean : A United Nations regional commission founded in 1948 to study and support economic development in Latin America and the Caribbean. Its economists shaped influential Latin American developmentalist arguments.
Alexander Hamilton : An American statesman whose 1791 report advocated policies to foster domestic manufacturing. His case for nurturing national industry became an early reference for developmentalist policy.
Washington Consensus : A set of policy prescriptions emphasizing fiscal discipline, trade liberalization, privatization, and market-oriented reform. Its prescriptions often displaced state-led development strategies in the 1980s and 1990s.
South Korean economic development : South Korea's transformation from a poor agrarian society into a highly industrialized economy during the twentieth century. It demonstrates how coordinated state policy can support rapid industrial upgrading.
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