Digital imaging

Digital imaging is the creation, representation, and manipulation of images as discrete numerical data. It includes capturing images with sensors, processing pixel values, and storing or displaying the results.

Image sensor: A device that converts incoming light into electrical signals for image capture. Its photosites turn light from a scene into measurements used to form digital images.
Digital image: An image represented by discrete numerical values arranged in a spatial structure. Digital imaging produces and transforms this broader kind of representation.
Digital photography: The capture and production of photographs using electronic image sensors and digital storage. It is the most familiar application of digital image capture and processing.
Analog imaging: Image formation and recording through continuously varying physical signals rather than discrete numerical samples. It contrasts digital images' sampled values with continuous recording media and signals.
Image editing: The alteration of an image's appearance or content using manual or automated operations. Digital data makes edits repeatable, layered, and easy to distribute.
Color filter array: An array of colored filters placed over sensor sites so a sensor can record color information. Most single-sensor cameras use filtered samples that must be reconstructed into full-color pixels.
Pixel: A sample or smallest addressable unit in a raster image, typically holding one or more values. Pixels are the basic spatial units in most digital photographs and graphics.
Medical imaging: Techniques for creating images of the body's interior for diagnosis, treatment, or research. Digital image methods enable acquisition and analysis across modalities such as CT and MRI.
Vector graphics: Images described by geometric objects and drawing instructions rather than fixed pixel grids. Vector representations scale without the pixel-resolution limits of raster images.
Digital image forensics: The analysis of digital images to assess their origin, history, integrity, or manipulation. Editable files make technical methods necessary for evaluating image authenticity.

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