Digital photography

Digital photography captures images with electronic sensors and stores them as digital files. It replaces film-based image capture with electronic recording and computational processing.

Image sensor: An electronic device that converts incoming light into electrical signals. Its photosites measure light to form the raw capture.
Exposure (photography): The amount of light recorded by a photographic image sensor or film. Exposure determines how bright the captured image appears.
Computational photography: Photography that uses computation to create or enhance images from captured data. Modern cameras combine multiple exposures and algorithms to extend image capabilities.
Photographic film: A light-sensitive material that records images through chemical changes in an emulsion. Film records light chemically, unlike an electronic image sensor.
Digital imaging: The creation and manipulation of images represented as digital data. Digital photography is one photographic branch of this broader image technology.
Color filter array: A patterned array of color filters placed over an image sensor to record color information. Most sensors use it to sample colors across their photosites.
Aperture: The opening in a lens that controls how much light reaches the image sensor. Its size affects both exposure and depth of field.
Smartphone photography: Photographic practice using cameras integrated into mobile phones. Phones make digital capture and computational processing widely accessible.
Film photography: The practice of making photographs on light-sensitive film and chemically processing it. Its capture and development process contrasts with digital recording and editing.
Image compression: Methods that reduce the data needed to store or transmit an image. Compression made large photographic collections easier to store and share.

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