Dinitrogen trioxide

Dinitrogen trioxide (N₂O₃) is a nitrogen oxide formed from nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. It is stable mainly at low temperatures and readily dissociates into those gases.

Nitrogen monoxide: Nitrogen monoxide (NO) is a colorless nitrogen oxide that reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide. It combines with nitrogen dioxide to form N₂O₃ and reappears when N₂O₃ dissociates.
Nitrogen: Nitrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 7 and a major component of Earth’s atmosphere. Its variable oxidation states allow the several distinct nitrogen oxides, including N₂O₃.
Nitrosation: Nitrosation is the transfer of a nitroso group, commonly –NO, to an atom or molecule. N₂O₃ can act as a nitrosating agent in suitable chemical reactions.
Dinitrogen trioxide dimer: The dimeric form of dinitrogen trioxide is a proposed or observed association of two N₂O₃ units under particular conditions. Association can complicate descriptions of N₂O₃ in condensed phases.
Nitrogen dioxide: Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a reactive, reddish-brown nitrogen oxide and a major air pollutant. It is the second gas in the equilibrium that produces and decomposes N₂O₃.
Nitrogen–oxygen compounds: Nitrogen–oxygen compounds are chemical substances composed of nitrogen and oxygen atoms. N₂O₃ is one member of this broad chemical family.
Diazotization: Diazotization converts a primary aromatic amine into an arenediazonium salt, usually using nitrous acid. N₂O₃ can generate nitrous acid, the reagent used in this transformation.
Blue dinitrogen trioxide: Blue dinitrogen trioxide is the deep-blue condensed form obtained by combining nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide at low temperature. Its characteristic color and cold preparation are familiar evidence of the compound’s limited stability.
Nitrous acid: Nitrous acid (HNO₂) is an unstable weak acid containing nitrogen in the +3 oxidation state. Hydrolysis of N₂O₃ produces nitrous acid, linking the oxide to aqueous nitrogen chemistry.
Oxidation state: Oxidation state is a formal measure of an atom’s electron allocation in a compound. Nitrogen has an average oxidation state of +3 in N₂O₃.

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