Disability-adjusted life year

A measure of healthy life lost, calculated by adding years of life lost through premature death to years lived with disability.

Years of life lost: A measure of years lost when people die before a reference life expectancy. This component captures the premature-death share of a disability-adjusted life year.
Cost-effectiveness analysis: An economic evaluation comparing the costs and health outcomes of alternative interventions. Analysts can compare spending by the disability-adjusted life years averted.
Quality-adjusted life year: A measure of health outcome combining time lived with the quality of that time. It counts health-adjusted gains rather than years of health lost.
Christopher J. L. Murray: A physician and epidemiologist who helped develop comparative global disease-burden measurement. His research helped establish the framework that combines premature death and disability.
Years lived with disability: A measure of time lived with a health condition, adjusted for the severity of its health loss. This component captures nonfatal health loss in the total.
Health technology assessment: The systematic evaluation of a health technology’s effects, costs, and wider consequences. The measure can summarize health benefits when assessing competing interventions.
Healthy life expectancy: The average number of years a person can expect to live in full health. It expresses population health as expected healthy lifespan, not summed loss.
World Bank: An international financial institution that provides financing and expertise to countries. Its 1993 World Development Report helped bring the metric into global policy.
Disability weight: A value from zero to one representing the severity of health loss associated with a health state. It converts time lived in a health state into weighted years lost.
Burden of disease: The impact of illness and injury on a population, measured through mortality and health loss. This metric is a standard way to quantify population-level health loss.

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