Disarmament

Disarmament is the reduction or elimination of weapons, armed forces, or military capabilities through unilateral measures or agreements among states.

Arms control: Arms control limits or regulates weapons and military capabilities without necessarily eliminating them. It distinguishes reductions that preserve regulated arsenals from disarmament aimed at removing them.
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: A 1968 treaty that seeks to prevent nuclear-weapon spread, promote peaceful nuclear cooperation, and pursue nuclear disarmament. Its parties undertake a treaty-based commitment to nuclear disarmament negotiations.
Peace movement: A broad movement opposing war and promoting nonviolent approaches to conflict and international relations. Organized peace activism has repeatedly pressed governments to reduce armaments.
Security dilemma: A situation in which one state's efforts to increase its security make other states feel less secure. Reciprocal reductions can ease the cycle of military buildup driven by mutual suspicion.
Disarmament treaty: A treaty obligating its parties to reduce, prohibit, or eliminate specified weapons or military forces. Treaties translate shared disarmament goals into binding obligations.
Chemical Weapons Convention: A 1993 treaty prohibiting chemical weapons and requiring their destruction under international verification. It exemplifies a near-universal ban paired with weapons destruction and inspections.
Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907: International agreements addressing the laws of war, arbitration, and limits on particular military practices. Their failed efforts to secure general arms limits exposed obstacles to early disarmament.
Nuclear deterrence: The prevention of attack through the threat of nuclear retaliation. Disarmament debates confront the claim that nuclear arsenals prevent major war.
Arms control verification: Methods for checking whether states comply with agreements that limit or eliminate military capabilities. Verification helps establish whether declared reductions have actually occurred.
Ottawa Treaty: A 1997 treaty banning antipersonnel mines and requiring their clearance and destruction. It connects disarmament with eliminating a weapon whose effects persist after conflicts.

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