Knowra Distributive shock Distributive shock Distributive shock is circulatory failure in which widespread vasodilation and abnormal blood-flow distribution impair tissue perfusion despite adequate or increased total blood volume.
Systemic vascular resistance : The resistance that the systemic circulation presents to blood flow, shaped chiefly by vessel diameter and tone. Widespread vessel relaxation lowers this resistance and undermines arterial pressure.
Septic shock : A life-threatening form of sepsis with circulatory and cellular or metabolic abnormalities associated with increased mortality. It is a common distributive syndrome driven by infection and dysregulated host response.
Hypovolemic shock : Circulatory shock caused by insufficient intravascular volume, reducing venous return and cardiac output. Unlike distributive shock, its primary defect is loss of circulating volume.
Tissue hypoxia : A condition in which tissues receive or use insufficient oxygen for their metabolic needs. Maldistributed flow can deprive tissues of oxygen even when total blood volume is preserved.
Vasoplegia : A pathological loss of vascular smooth-muscle tone that causes severe vasodilation and poor responsiveness to vasoconstrictors. It is the central vascular defect in many forms of distributive shock.
Anaphylactic shock : A severe systemic allergic reaction causing airway, breathing, or circulatory compromise. Mediators released during anaphylaxis can cause abrupt vasodilation and vascular leakage.
Cardiogenic shock : Circulatory shock caused by the heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet tissue needs. It results from pump failure rather than widespread vascular relaxation.
Lactic acidosis : A metabolic acidosis associated with elevated blood lactate, often arising when production exceeds clearance. Impaired perfusion can increase lactate production, though lactate has other causes as well.
Microcirculation : The network of arterioles, capillaries, and venules where blood exchanges gases, nutrients, and waste with tissues. Uneven flow through this network can leave regions hypoxic despite adequate total flow.
Neurogenic shock : A form of distributive shock caused by loss of sympathetic vascular tone, often after spinal cord injury. It illustrates distributive shock from disrupted neural control rather than infection or allergy.
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