Domestication

Domestication is the multigenerational process by which human relationships and selective pressures alter populations of organisms for human use. It produces inherited changes in behavior, form, or life history.

Artificial selection: Artificial selection is the human-directed breeding of organisms for inherited traits. People favor traits that make organisms more useful, manageable, or productive.
Neolithic Revolution: The Neolithic Revolution was the widespread shift toward farming and settled life beginning around 10,000 BCE. Farming created sustained settings for human management and selection of organisms.
Crop domestication: Crop domestication is the development of cultivated plants with inherited traits favored for food or other uses. It transformed wild plants into major sources of human food and materials.
Taming: Taming is the behavioral conditioning of an individual wild animal to tolerate human presence. Unlike domestication, taming does not by itself change a population across generations.
Domestication syndrome: Domestication syndrome is a recurring set of traits associated with domestication across some species. It describes correlated changes that can accompany selection for tameness.
Fertile Crescent: The Fertile Crescent is a region of Southwest Asia where early agriculture developed. It contains some of the earliest known centers of plant and animal domestication.
Animal husbandry: Animal husbandry is the breeding, care, and management of domesticated animals. It applies domestication through ongoing breeding and daily management.
Captive breeding: Captive breeding is the reproduction of organisms under human care, often for conservation or production. Captive reproduction may occur without sustained selection for domesticated traits.
Neoteny: Neoteny is the retention of juvenile traits into adulthood. Reduced fear and juvenile behaviors can make some domesticated animals easier to handle.
Independent domestication: Independent domestication is the separate development of domestic populations from wild ancestors in different places. Major crops and animals were domesticated more than once across distinct regions.

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